John Dryden

John Dryden was an influential English poet, literary critic, and playwright. He was Poet Laureate, 1668-1689.

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• By viewing Nature, Nature's handmaid Art,
  Makes mighty things from small beginnings grow.
  • Annus Mirabilis (1667), stanza 155.

• To begin then with Shakespeare; he was the man who of all Modern, and perhaps Ancient Poets, had the largest and most comprehensive soul. All the Images of Nature were still present to him, and he drew them not laboriously, but luckily: when he describes any thing, you more than see it, you feel it too. Those who accuse him to have wanted learning, give him the greater commendation: he was naturally learn'd; he needed not the spectacles of Books to read Nature; he look'd inwards, and found her there. I cannot say he is every where alike; were he so, I should do him injury to compare him with the greatest of Mankind. He is many times flat, insipid; his Comick wit degenerating into clenches; his serious swelling into Bombast. But he is alwayes great, when some great occasion is presented to him: no man can say he ever had a fit subject for his wit, and did not then raise himself as high above the rest of the Poets,
  • Essay of Dramatick Poesie (1668) Full text online.

• Pains of love be sweeter far
  Than all other pleasures are.
  • Tyrannick Love (1669), Act IV, scene i.

• I am as free as Nature first made man,
  Ere the base laws of servitude began,
  When wild in woods the noble savage ran.
  • The Conquest of Granada (1669-1670), Pt. 1, Act I, scene i.

• Death in itself is nothing; but we fear
  To be we know not what, we know not where.
  • Aureng-Zebe (1676), Act IV, scene i.

• When I consider life, 'tis all a cheat;
  Yet, fooled with hope, men favor the deceit;
  Trust on, and think tomorrow will repay.
  Tomorrow's falser than the former day.
  None would live past years again,
  Yet all hope pleasure in what yet remain;
  And from the dregs of life think to receive
  What the first sprightly running could not give.
  • Aureng-Zebe (1676), Act IV, scene i.

• Whatever is, is in its causes just.
  • Oedipus (1679), Act III, scene i.

• Of no distemper, of no blast he died,
  But fell like autumn fruit that mellowed long —
  Even wondered at, because he dropped no sooner.
  Fate seemed to wind him up for fourscore years,
  Yet freshly ran he on ten winters more;
  Till like a clock worn out with eating time,
  The wheels of weary life at last stood still.
  • Oedipus (1679), Act IV scene i

• There is a pleasure sure
  In being mad which none but madmen know.
  • The Spanish Friar, Act II scene i (1681)

• Like a led victim, to my death I'll go,
  And, dying, bless the hand that gave the blow.
  • The Spanish Friar, Act II scene i (1681)

• They say everything in the world is good for something.
  • The Spanish Friar, Act III scene ii (1681)

• More Safe, and much more modest 'tis, to say
  God wou'd not leave Mankind without a way:
  And that the Scriptures, though not every where
  Free from Corruption, or intire, or clear,
  Are uncorrupt, sufficient, clear, intire,
  In all things which our needfull Faith require.
  If others in the same Glass better see
  'Tis for Themselves they look, but not for me:
  For my Salvation must its Doom receive
  Not from what others, but what I believe.
  • Religio Laici (1682)

• Bold knaves thrive without one grain of sense,
  But good men starve for want of impudence.
  • Constantine the Great, Epilogue (1684)

• Men met each other with erected look,
  The steps were higher that they took;
  Friends to congratulate their friends made haste,
  And long inveterate foes saluted as they passed.
  • Threnodia Augustalis line 124-127 (1685)

• O gracious God! how far have we
  Profaned thy heavenly gift of poesy!
  • To the Pious Memory of Mrs. Anne Killegrew line 56-57 (1686)

• Her wit was more than man, her innocence a child.
  • To the Pious Memory of Mrs. Anne Killegrew line 70 (1686)

• Our vows are heard betimes! and Heaven takes care
  To grant, before we can conclude the prayer:
  Preventing angels met it half the way,
  And sent us back to praise, who came to pray.
  • Britannia Rediviva line 1 (1688)

• Three poets, in three distant ages born,
  Greece, Italy, and England did adorn.
  The first in loftiness of thought surpassed;
  The next, in majesty; in both the last.
  The force of Nature could no further go.
  To make a third, she joined the former two.
  • Under Mr. Milton's Picture (1688)

• This is the porcelain clay of humankind.
  • Don Sebastian, Act I scene i (1690)

• A knockdown argument: 'tis but a word and a blow.
  • Amphitryon, Act I scene i (1690)

• Whistling to keep myself from being afraid.
  • Amphitryon, Act III scene iii (1690)

• Fairest Isle, all isles excelling,
  Seat of pleasures, and of loves;
  Venus here will choose her dwelling,
  And forsake her Cyprian groves.
  • King Arthur, Act II scene v, 'Song of Venus (1691)

• Genius must be born, and never can be taught.
  • Epistle to Congreve line 60 (1693)

• Be kind to my remains; and oh defend,
  Against your judgment, your departed friend!
  • Epistle to Congreve line 72 (1693)

• How easie is it to call Rogue and Villain, and that wittily! But how hard to make a Man appear a Fool, a Blockhead, or a Knave, without using any of those opprobrious terms! To spare the grossness of the Names, and to do the thing yet more severely, is to draw a full Face, and to make the Nose and Cheeks stand out, and yet not to employ any depth of Shadowing. This is the Mystery of that Noble Trade, which yet no Master can teach to his Apprentice: He may give the Rules, but the Scholar is never the nearer in his practice. Neither is it true, that this fineness of Raillery is offensive. A witty Man is tickl'd while he is hurt in this manner, and a Fool feels it not. The occasion of an Offence may possibly be given, but he cannot take it. If it be granted that in effect this way does more Mischief; that a Man is secretly wounded, and though he be not sensible himself, yet the malicious World will find it for him: yet there is still a vast difference betwixt the slovenly Butchering of a Man, and the fineness of a stroke that separates the Head from the Body, and leaves it standing in its place.
  • A Discourse concerning the Original and Progress of Satire (1693)

• Look round the habitable world: how few
  Know their own good, or knowing it, pursue.
  • Juvenal, Satire X (1693)

• I am reading Jonson's verses to the memory of Shakespeare; an insolent, sparing, and invidious panegyric...
  • On "To the Memory of my Beloved, the Author, Mr. William Shakespeare: and what he hath left us” by Ben Jonson, in Discourses on Satire and Epic Poetry (1692 - 1697)

• Words, once my stock, are wanting to commend
  So great a poet and so good a friend.
  • Epistle to Peter Antony Motteux line 54-55 (1698)

• Lord of yourself, uncumbered with a wife.
  • Epistle to John Driden of Chesterton line 18 (1700)

• Better to hunt in fields, for health unbought,
  Than fee the doctor for a nauseous draught.
  The wise, for cure, on exercise depend;
  God never made his work for man to mend.
  • Epistle to John Driden of Chesterton line 92-95 (1700)

• A very merry, dancing, drinking,
  Laughing, quaffing, and unthinkable time.
  • The Secular Masque line 38-39 (1700)

• The sword within the scabbard keep,
  And let mankind agree.
  • The Secular Masque line 61-62 (1700)

• All, all of a piece throughout:
  Thy chase had a beast in view;
  Thy wars brought nothing about;
  Thy lovers were all untrue.
  'Tis well an old age is out,
  And time to begin a new.
  • The Secular Masque line 86-91 (1700)

• Ill habits gather by unseen degrees —
  As brooks make rivers, rivers run to seas.
  • Ovid, Metamorphoses, Book XV, The Worship of Aesculapius line 155-156 (1700)

• He was exhaled; his great Creator drew
  His spirit, as the sun the morning dew.
  • On the Death of a Very Young Gentlemen (1700)

• Here lies my wife:here let her lie!
  Now she's at rest, and so am I.
  • Epitaph, intended for his wife

All for Love (1678)

• What flocks of critics hover here to-day,
  As vultures wait on armies for their prey,
  All gaping for the carcase of a play!
  With croaking notes they bode some dire event,
  And follow dying poets by the scent.
  • Prologue

• He's somewhat lewd; but a well-meaning mind;
  Weeps much; fights little; but is wond'rous kind.
  • Prologue

• A brave man scorns to quarrel once a day;
  Like Hectors in at every petty fray.
  • Prologue

• Let those find fault whose wit's so very small,
  They've need to show that they can think at all;
  Errors, like straws, upon the surface flow;
  He who would search for pearls, must dive below.
  Fops may have leave to level all they can;
  As pigmies would be glad to lop a man.
  Half-wits are fleas; so little and so light,
  We scarce could know they live, but that they bite.
  • Prologue

• The wretched have no friends.
  • Act III scene i

• With how much ease believe we what we wish!
  • Cleopatra in Act IV scene I

Absalom and Achitophel (1681)

• Whate’er he did was done with so much ease,
  In him alone 't was natural to please.
  • Pt. I line 27-28

• Plots, true or false, are necessary things,
  To raise up commonwealths and ruin kings.
  • Pt. I line 83-84

• Of these the false Achitophel was first,
  A name to all succeeding ages cursed.
  For close designs and crooked counsels fit,
  Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit,
  Restless, unfixed in principles and place,
  In power unpleased, impatient of disgrace;
  A fiery soul, which working out its way,
  Fretted the pygmy-body to decay:
  And o'er-informed the tenement of clay.
  A daring pilot in extremity;
  Pleased with the danger, when the waves went high
  He sought the storms; but for a calm unfit,
  Would steer too nigh the sands to boast his wit.
  Great wits are sure to madness near allied,
  And thin partitions do their bounds divide.
  • Pt. I line 150-164

• A daring pilot in extremity;
  Pleas'd with the danger, when the waves went high
  He sought the storms; but for a calm unfit,
  Would steer too nigh the sands, to boast his wit.
  Great wits are sure to madness near alli'd;
  And thin partitions do their bounds divide:
  Else, why should he, with wealth and honour blest,
  Refuse his age the needful hours of rest?
  Punish a body which he could not please;
  Bankrupt of life, yet prodigal of ease?
  And all to leave, what with his toil he won
  To that unfeather'd, two-legg'd thing, a son:
  Got, while his soul did huddled notions try;
  And born a shapeless lump, like anarchy.
  • Pt. I line 159 - 172

• In friendship false, implacable in hate,
  Resolved to ruin or to rule the state.
  • Pt. I line 173-174

• Auspicious Prince! at whose nativity
  Some royal planet rul'd the southern sky;
  Thy longing country's darling and desire;
  Their cloudy pillar, and their guardian fire:
  Their second Moses, whose extended wand
  Divides the seas, and shows the promis'd land:
  Whose dawning day, in very distant age,
  Has exercis'd the sacred prophet's rage:
  The people's pray'r, the glad diviner's theme,
  The young men's vision, and the old men's dream!
  • Pt. I line 230-239

• His courage foes, his friends his truth proclaim.
  • Pt. I line 357

• All empire is no more than power in trust.
  • Pt. I line 411

• Better one suffer, than a nation grieve.
  • Pt. I line 416

• But far more numerous was the herd of such,
  Who think too little, and who talk too much.
  • Pt. I, 532-533

• A man so various, that he seemed to be
  Not one, but all mankind's epitome;
  Stiff in opinions, always in the wrong,
  Was everything by starts, and nothing long;
  But, in the course of one revolving moon,
  Was chemist, fiddler, statesman, and buffoon.
  • Pt. I line 545-550

• Railing and praising were his usual themes;
  And both, to show his judgment, in extremes;
  So over violent, or over civil,
  That every man with him was God or devil.
  • Pt. I line 554-557

• Thus in a pageant-show a plot is made;
  And peace itself is war in masquerade.
  • Pt. I line 750-751

• Nor is the people's judgment always true:
  The most may err as grossly as the few.
  • Pt. I line 781-782

• Large was his wealth, but larger was his heart.
  • Pt. I line 826

• Of ancient race by birth, but nobler yet
  In his own worth.
  • Pt. I line 900-901

• Never was patriot yet, but was a fool.
  • Pt. I line 967

• Oh that my Pow'r to Saving were confin’d:
  Why am I forc’d, like Heav’n, against my mind,
  To make Examples of another Kind?
  Must I at length the Sword of Justice draw?
  Oh curst Effects of necessary Law!
  How ill my Fear they by my Mercy scan,
  Beware the Fury of a Patient Man.
  • Pt. I line 999 - 1005

• Made still a blund'ring kind of melody;
  Spurred boldly on, and dashed through thick and thin,
  Through sense and nonsense, never out nor in.
  Free from all meaning, whether good or bad,
  And in one word, heroically mad.
  • Pt. II line 413

• Railing in other men may be a crime,
  But ought to pass for mere instinct in him:
  Instinct he follows and no further knows,
  For to write verse with him is to transprose.
  • Pt. II line 440

• With all this bulk there 's nothing lost in Og,
  For every inch that is not fool is rogue :
  A monstrous mass of fuul corrupted matter,
  As all the devils had spew'd to make the baiter.
  When wine has given him courage to blaspheme,
  He curses God, but God before curst him ;
  And, if man could have reason, none has more.
  That made his paunch so rich, and him so poor.
  • Pt. II line 462 - 469

Mac Flecknoe (1682)

• All human things are subject to decay,
  And, when fate summons, monarchs must obey.
  • l. 1-2

• The rest to some faint meaning make pretense,
  But Shadwell never deviates into sense.
  Some beams of wit on other souls may fall,
  Strike through and make a lucid interval;
  But Shadwell's genuine night admits no ray,
  His rising fogs prevail upon the day.
  • l. 19-24

• Leave writing plays, and choose for thy command
  Some peaceful province in acrostic land.
  There thou mayst wings display and altars raise,
  And torture one poor word ten thousand ways.
  • l. 205-208

Imitation of Horace (1685)

• Happy the man, and happy he alone,
  He who can call today his own;
  He who, secure within, can say,
  Tomorrow, do thy worst, for I have lived today.
  • Book III, Ode 29 line 65-68

• Be fair, or foul, or rain, or shine,
  The joys I have possessed, in spite of fate, are mine.
  Not heaven itself upon the past has power;
  But what has been, has been, and I have had my hour.
  • Book III, Ode 29 line 69-72

• I can enjoy her while she's kind;
  But when she dances in the wind,
  And shakes the wings and will not stay,
  I puff the prostitute away:
  The little or the much she gave is quietly resign'd:
  Content with poverty, my soul I arm;
  And virtue, though in rags, will keep me warm.
  • On Fortune, Book III, Ode 29 line 81 - 87

A Song for St. Cecilia's Day (1687)

• From harmony, from heavenly harmony,
  This universal frame began:
  When nature underneath a heap
  Of jarring atoms lay,
  And could not heave her head,
  The tuneful voice was heard from high,
  'Arise, ye more than dead!'
  Then cold, and hot, and moist, and dry,
  In order to their stations leap,
  And Music's power obey.
  From harmony, from heavenly harmony,
  This universal frame began:
  From harmony to harmony
  Through all the compass of the notes it ran,
  The diapason closing full in Man.
  • St. 1

• What passion cannot Music raise and quell?
  • St. 2

• The trumpet's loud clangor
  Excites us to arms.
  • St. 3

• The soft complaining flute,
  In dying notes, discovers
  The woes of hopeless lovers.
  • St. 4

• So, when the last and dreadful Hour
  This crumbling Pageant shall devour,
  The trumpet shall be heard on high,
  The dead shall live, the living die,
  And musick shall untune the Sky.
  • Grand Chorus

The Hind and the Panther (1687)

• She feared no danger, for she knew no sin.
  • Pt. I line 4

• And doomed to death, though fated not to die.
  • Pt. I line 8

• For truth has such a face and such a mien
  As to be loved needs only to be seen.
  • Pt. I line 33-34

• Of all the tyrannies on human kind
  The worst is that which persecutes the mind.
  • Pt. I line 239-240

• Reason to rule, mercy to forgive:
  The first is law, the last prerogative.
  • Pt. I line 261-262

• And kind as kings upon their coronation day.
  • Pt. I line 271

• Too black for heav'n, and yet too white for hell.
  • Pt. I line 343

• All have not the gift of martyrdom.
  • Pt. II line 59

• War seldom enters but where wealth allures.
  • Pt. II line 706

• Jealousy, the jaundice of the soul.
  • Pt. III line 73

• For present joys are more to flesh and blood
  Than a dull prospect of a distant good.
  • Pt. III line 364-365

• T' abhor the makers, and their laws approve,
  Is to hate traitors and the treason love.
  • Pt. III line 706-707

• Secret guilt by silence is betrayed.
  • Pt. III line 763

• Possess your soul with patience.
  • Pt. III line 839

Alexander’s Feast (1697)

• Happy, happy, happy pair!
  None but the brave,
  None but the brave,
  None but the brave deserves the fair.
  • l. 12-15

• With ravished ears
  The monarch hears;
  Assumes the god,
  Affects the nod,
  And seems to shake the spheres.
  • l. 37-41

• Sound the trumpets; beat the drums...
  Now give the hautboys breath; he comes, he comes.
  • l. 50-51

• Drinking is the soldier’s pleasure;
  Rich the treasure;
  Sweet the pleasure;
  Sweet is pleasure after pain.
  • l. 57-60

• The king grew vain;
  Fought all his battles o'er again;
  And thrice he routed all his foes, and thrice he slew the slain.
  • l. 68-70

• Fallen, fallen, fallen, fallen,
  Fallen from his high estate,
  And welt'ring in his blood;
  Deserted, at his utmost need,
  By those his former bounty fed,
  On the bare earth exposed he lies,
  With not a friend to close his eyes.
  • l. 77-83

• Softly sweet, in Lydian measures,
  Soon he soothed his soul to pleasures.
  War, he sung, is toil and trouble;
  Honor but an empty bubble;
  Never ending, still beginning,
  Fighting still, and still destroying.
  If all the world be worth thy winning.
  Think, oh think it worth enjoying:
  Lovely Thaïs sits beside thee,
  Take the good the gods provide thee.
  • l. 97-106

• Timotheus, to his breathing flute,
  And sounding lyre,
  Could swell the soul to rage, or kindle soft desire.
  • l. 158-159

• Let old Timotheus yield the prize,
  Or both divide the crown;
  He rais’d a mortal to the skies;
  She drew an angel down.
  • l. 167-170

Fables, Ancient and Modern (1700)

• Chaucer followed Nature everywhere, but was never so bold to go beyond her.
  • Chaucer as a Poet, from Preface to the Fables

• If the faults of men in orders are only to be judged among themselves, they are all in some sort parties; for, since they say the honour of their order is concerned in every member of it, how can we be sure that they will be impartial judges?
  • Chaucer as a Poet, from Preface to the Fables

• A satirical poet is the check of the laymen on bad priests.
  • Chaucer as a Poet, from Preface to the Fables

• 'Twas now the month in which the world began
  (If March beheld the first created man):
  And since the vernal equinox, the Sun,
  In Aries, twelve degrees, or more, had run;
  When casting up his eyes against the light,
  Both month, and day, and hour, he measur'd right;
  And told more truly than th' Ephemeris:
  For Art may err, but Nature cannot miss.
  Thus numbering times and seasons in his breast,
  His second crowing the third hour confess'd.
  • The Cock and the Fox line 445 - 457

• Since ev’ry man who lives is born to die,
  And none can boast sincere felicity,
  With equal mind, what happens, let us bear,
  Nor joy nor grieve too much for things beyond our care.
  • Palamon and Arcite.

Cymon and Iphigenia

• Old as I am, for ladies' love unfit,
  The power of beauty I remember yet.
  • Lines 1-2.

• He trudged along unknowing what he sought,
  And whistled as he went, for want of thought.
  • Lines 84-85.

• When beauty fires the blood, how love exalts the mind!

• She hugged the offender, and forgave the offense:
  Sex to the last.
  • Lines 367-368.

• Of seeming arms to make a short essay,
  Then hasten to be drunk — the business of the day.
  • Lines 407-408.